From mounting mania to the car mania and demolition madness in the city of Montabaur
The small town of Montabaur emerged as a settlement on one of the foothills of a hill, between Montabaur and Koblenz is situated. They called the vast area around the hill in the Middle Ages and later Spurgeon Spork forest. This wooded administrative unit must have been very extensive, because as we went about the boundaries of this work space, they came upon a scale which is largely comprised the what was later called Westerwald. Not all boundary lines of the Spork forests could be scientifically proven. The term Westerwald for the geographical area in which lay the Spork forest is much younger. The hill is known for a long time Montabaur height.
on the deforested areas in the forest Spork first settled farmers. At what time to accept this settlement, can develop only from archaeological finds. The settlement further response after the reign of the Roman Empire, the limes was run through the forest Spork is to extract sparse paper documentation.
, as a central place in the Middle Ages Humbach (Himbach, etc.) out, which later was named Montabaur. This central feature of the site kept up with him today. He has since been the seat of the county council of the Westerwald district, who worked previously as a separate district council of the lower and upper Westerwald Westerwald Montabaur and circle in Westerburg.
The name is composed of Mons Montabaur and Tabor, referring to Mount Tabor Palestine, which had seen the Crusaders. A basalt hill in the Westerwald had awakened memories. In a document that is to refer to the years 1319-1323, appears in this definition "Himbach quae nunc Monthabur appelatur. What is commonly mentioned as follows: Humbach, which was then called Montabaur. On the Mons Tabor Westerwald before a castle, a castle was then built. It towers above the impressive small city under the Tabor Mons, which then over time the name of Montabaur (Monthabur, Veste Monthabuyr, etc.) increment. The ridge, coming down from the height of Montabaur, was created in the 18th century the "road to Coblenz" is sent out with this basalt knoll where the castle overlooks the land. At the foot of this feudal extended initially an insignificant rural settlement, which was, however, in 1291 and eventually became a town surrounded by a city wall, which she won as a market town in importance. The city wall was more out of a fiscal unity, to defend it was to use less, because their condition is more likely in the sources referred to as poor. Because of the influx was strictly regulated in medieval towns, met the city wall and the corporatist thinking.
who lived in such a city was subject to full inspections and serious restrictions on personal Development of life. Over all watched the Christian church and a questionable authority. By faith the people of the corporatist system were tied, the unchangeable the inhabitants, as ordained by God, was published. To see themselves surrounded by a wall might seem sometimes as a protection, but it meant, above all, regulation of the diverse contexts of life. Such a city wall served so many purposes simultaneously. The military aspect was the least. The sight of this walled city has been preserved in a painting. 
Judging by the remains of the walls, can be dense and less dense population make tracks in the Bering. Eng is the construction on the ridge that slopes down to the Market Square and then up to Castle Hill sought. On the firm ground of the ridge, the city's residents had built their town houses after they had beaten in the basement of the rocky ground and vaulted with septic slate. This ridge falls to the east from almost vertical. The rugged rock fall, which could be use in the Middle Ages over long distances to secure the northeast edge of the city, received a steep access ramp over which one could enter through a gate up very painfully in the walled city on the Grote Markt. The loaded carts had to be served up in the valley, an additional team, so that this feeder path was steep to overcome. One of the few remaining entrances to the city was to come more easily. 
On the other side of the ridge stretched a humid lowlands, the herumzog around the castle hill. It offered well initially because of the soft soil protection, was later incorporated in the walled city area, although this would have led in this field to a dense population. Here lay bleaching meadows and gardens on the creek, from where they had diverted a stream which was used by dyers in the city. The Dyer Bachgasse still remembers it. The stone path had to cross this valley moorastige whose name appears on the many pieces of rock falling, which were introduced to consolidate the original main road to Koblenz. Steinweg on the houses of the peripheral development could not get any cellar, and there was still no way was seen to make for such a moist subsoil depressions and build dry basement. By Steinweg reached the passenger or the teamsters Schöffentor. From here there was a way to Koblenz. 
The Steinweg became less important than the "road to Coblenz", ie the current route of the road Koblenz been created on the mountain behind the city was in the 18th century. From that time, the twin-Peterstor took over near the Church of St. Peter in chains Role of the jury door until it was superfluous in the Biedermeier period, because the gates were on order of a state to keep open forever. They tore the gateways will eventually, in order to save maintenance costs. The materials have been auctioned. The residents who were in the political responsibility because they had the zugeschanzt by the corporatist system lacked the public spirit to preserve ancient cultural heritage. Montabaur would have been easily able to modernize without destroying its medieval character. The volume of traffic in the city was still small. There were no reasons to maintain the Bering stone walls and gates. Only the greed of the upper classes led to the guiding Destruction of historic walling. There are some essays and many historical overview of early local history that give the impression that they wanted so that the light-hearted treatment of the historic urban fabric cover and mourn. This can include the test are counted to make the historic half-timbered facades of plaster to expose again. This was done after the Second World War in a phase of medieval enthusiasm that was so, it could as the sunken city of the Middle Ages can be recovered. Unfortunately, Montabaur experienced in the Middle Ages two city fires, so that these historic buildings disappeared almost completely. For the locals, as well the guests of the city, the impression has set, one moves through the Old Montabaur, if you move into the old city streets. This is, however, a much younger city, the city was rebuilt after the great fires and over the centuries.
since that commonly half-timbered buildings of great value kept the architecture of other eras, or incorporated with other building materials, architecture is the population of less or no value. They lack the values, which are mediated by architectural history literature, because of Montabaur, there is no written history of building.
has to now, it unfortunately fails again and again, the time of modernity from Montabaur be brought to the representation, which could arise through this, because the gates were open on time and entered the freedom of trade. From this time could result to the magnificent medieval suburbs Bering. Wealthy districts escaped the confines of the old town and city built villas with magnificent gardens. The professor at the Koblenz district road, just as the Tiergarten district under the castle hill are those neighborhoods that were built with magnificent mansions.
These buildings created since the Biedermeier period, most of them but not until the end of the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th century, as the economic forces in the city for a long time not were able to develop properly. This happened only when Montabaur was connected to the railway lines and was able to emerging economies. We therefore find time architecture of the Biedermeier Classicism, Neo-Gothic, neo-Renaissance, the Neo-Baroque, Art Nouveau, Expressionism and Art Deco in this city.
Even buildings of heritage protection movement, even from the time of National Socialism and from the early period after the Second World War, are locate in Montabaur, and are still without documentation. An architectural history of all these buildings was not written until today, what needs to be as stated for the entire city to its half-timbered buildings, not even scientific publications der obersten Denkmalschutzbehörde des Landes Rheinland-Pfalz vorliegen, aus denen sich die Einwohner der Stadt Wissen anlesen könnten.
Es liegt ein Zustand der Unterentwicklung vor, der in weiten Teilen des ländlichen Raumes in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland vorhanden sein muß. Wie sich das verändern läßt, ist eine offene Frage, da der Zugang zu den Archivalien parteipolitisch und aus anderen Gründen erschwert wird.
Montabaur erlebte wegen des Ersten Weltkrieges eine lange Besatzungszeit. Zunächst hatten die Amerikaner das Stadtgebiet besetzt, nach vielen Jahren übernahmen die Franzosen als Besatzungsmacht den Stadtraum. Diese Besatzer zogen sich erst im Jahre 1929 zurück, also nur wenige Jahre bevor der Nationalsozialismus im Deutschen Reich seine Diktatur einrichtete und eine weitere schlimme Zeit über Montabaur hereinbrach. Die Judenverfolgung führte zur Flucht vieler jüdischer Familien aus der Stadt, viele andere wurden deportiert. Die Synagoge ging in Flammen auf. Die Bemühung war groß gewesen, die Hinweise auf die jüdische Bevölkerung im Stadtgebiet zu löschen. Der Name Judengasse verschwand über Jahrzehnte. Bis heute wird weitgehend vermieden, die Häuser im Stadtgebiet auszuweisen, aus denen die Menschen jüdischen Glaubens fliehen mußten, oder deportiert wurden.
Die Zeit des Nationalsozialismus wurde bis heute nicht wissenschaftlich aufgearbeitet, sodaß kaum ein Understanding of the period of Nazi rule in the urban area is available. Important archives disappeared at this time from the archives. The remaining stocks had been outsourced, and remained until recent years mounted invisible and inaccessible in a storage room of a municipal building. Only a few knew about it. had to be cleared when the building because of its dilapidated state of the upper floors, people met these files stocks, which then passes into the hands of the city archives.
The air raids during World War II the city was largely spared. Only in individual buildings collapsed bombs. As early as in World War II it was again, American troops, Montabaur which sat here and took the war to an end. It is said that a resident of the Jewish faith, which had been hidden by residents of the city in their building, come forth with joy from his hiding place in a vaulted cellar was and is one of the American tanks of the Liberation Army have set, as they drove through the city, take the city.
experienced after the Second World War the city a statism of conservative Catholic circles, which had been suppressed during the Nazi era and wanted to watch closely on the fortunes of the city. Man drowned the criticism of this Catholic guardianship to the annual carnivals that are always offered a new opportunity to draw criticism to ridicule. The Catholic priest was regarded by many as the second mayor of the city, the meticulously monitored as to who is the Catholic community life and in worship and who is not involved. Parents sent their children to religious events often for fear of reprisals. In religious education were children, who admitted to have not participated in the joint Catholic worship service, in the corner of the classroom set up had evaporated in the clergy's anger.
is known the story of a high school teacher, wanted to push the same Catholic priest in the marriage, because he not married to a woman lived. In protest of the teachers came from the Catholic Church. He felt this encroachment of the minister in his private world as an imposition that has not to be. As these teachers built himself a house with a red tile roof, the minister intervened and disparaged him in the city administration, he held the red roof for an expression of political beliefs of the teacher. The teacher should be forced to remove at their expense, the red roof and replacing them with dark and gray tiles. The repressive action could thus be avoided, because the development plan, only the provision auffand, dark roof is increasing. It was on the part of the ruling Christian Democrats, which the matter in the City Council would choose not to verify that no red roof tiles are dark. You had to grudgingly bow to the management target.
Although one can dismiss it as a provincial farce, such an event dominated the living conditions in a small town in an almost. It was clear the people the importance of the separation of church and state in small towns and villages.
came in the final phase of this dominance of conservative Catholic circles it in the city to-flung area renovations. As a replacement of the thoroughfare through the city, which was to transform into a pedestrian zone, a bypass was created, what the occasion taken was to destroy the remaining rural culture within the former walled city area. Within a few years almost all of the remaining arable farms of the middle class have been abandoned to destruction, without paying attention to the preservation of the grown old structure. But it disappeared not only farms, but whole streets, a monastery, a hospice and countless other influential buildings of the city historic downtown. The loss of these buildings led to public protest, as a former prison building, which was converted into a town house should be demolished. But it was not the only manifestation of this political, but it was also to the creation of a conservative counterpart to the long-dominant Christian Democrats. Since then, it is said, divided the business into two major political blocs, and it is even said in the top management that the cohesion of the former inhabitants of the city was no longer present. This split has led to the demise of the carnival, which clearly indicates the political significance of the carnival once held.
One would substantially decidedly deal with the overall development of this town, because these conditions had each built on the urban influence. A scientific examination of this outrageous development was not done all the time.
Absurdly, in the decline phase of the conservative Catholic dominance disappeared in the period after the Second World War, many in Christ's name listed buildings. Lost treasures were built, which would necessarily have to be preserved because they were an important part of the construction history of the city. These buildings belonged to the former girls' high school behind the church of St. Peter in chains, were placed in front of the demolition of parts of the regional administration. The bridge subsequently had to be laid down because of asbestos contamination as well.
But there were those huge for a small town Building complexes at the site of the Brothers of Mercy, a monastic community, which had created a lot of buildings to accommodate patients, which also went under the wrecking ball. At this time a large pond was filled in, was the part of the medieval city water supply has been and should have been obtained. Instead of looking for how the water supply system was constructed previously, we responded completely absurd and destroyed safely, what has been an important part of urban construction history.
The city, however, continue to train broke destruction. There is an urgent need to develop a temporal structure of these phases of destruction to the entire to understand the extent of destruction in connection with other operations in urban development. Because at the same time remained under each Baugeschichtsschreibung what devalued the historic space on and on.
Currently, in the Middle Ages detectable suburb Allmannshausen is threatened by the traffic planning. After decades has not been thought to protect the historic buildings is well, you are now bent on a large traffic circle, take the two parts of Allmannshausen tear apart and widen the thoroughfare through Allmannshausen again. We must lead the whole nonsense that threatens the district in mind. From the narrow streets of the Rear vine can be reached through the area on which was located to the Biedermeier period a city gate, to the part of Allmannshausen, which is still on the Castle Hill site. A staircase leads down to the now busy avenue road. At this point, a roundabout is putting a large hole in the district area, where there used to be a narrow road that passes through Allmannshausen.
From the farm houses that were built here, is only slightly visible, which is due to conversions. Asphalt by broad segments of the ancient city was part of one side the traffic created space, and obtain parking. This road space is now even more be increased.
The rural character of Allmannshausen was almost completely destroyed. He could still be recovered if it was intentional. Mill trenches, which led to a mill where the water to the mill to the calibration field continued to run disappeared. Similarly, the mill has not been held to understand. Meanwhile, former water courses could be recovered. What is left here as a city room of a historic building was prepared, at present, only nightmares and refers to political forces in the city, where all consciousness of right old receipt has been lost.
But one should not Allmannshausen Give up but it seem to recapture the rural character and the old suburban character. To do this, the irresponsible transport planning to stay stopped at this point in the city.
An urban disaster after another has not only an old city of Montabaur torso, but also a widely sprawling cityscape made. It is the Auto madness thanks to all that could take place this destruction and controlled development. What are the roots of such an approach? There can be many answers. Occupied
When the American troops in World War Montabaur, although they came with horses and covered wagons, with a seemingly antiquated Cavalry, but also of countless American cars came with the troops in the city. Trucks and cars were seen everywhere in the city. For the people that was an unusual experience that made them clear in which they lived in underdevelopment and Westerwald Montabaur. With envy, the residents have looked at this occupation. What is progress and what a skill they had shown at that time. And how poor they were tuned, they found special about these cars. They came to them only by the Third Reich, an event that seems strange enough, as already prepared in the Weimar Republic of the construction of highways and the production of cars for everyone worden war.
An Montabaur vorbeigeführt entstand die Autobahn von Köln nach Frankfurt. Ein Zubringer führte aus dem historischen Stadtraum hinauf zu dieser Autobahn. Den Einwohnern wird das Automobil so erschienen sein, als sei es durch die militaristisch ausgeformte Gesellschaftsordnung im Nationalsozialismus endlich möglich geworden, auch als Deutscher ein Auto zu haben. Aber erst nach dem Untergang des Dritten Reiches erfüllte sich der Traum für die meisten Einwohner der Stadt, endlich über ein Auto zu verfügen. Dem für möglichst alle vervielfältigten Auto mußte die autogerechte Kleinstadt Montabaur nachfolgen. Und um sich das Auto zu erhalten, mußte all das von der Stadt , Which did not go down this dream car. Thus, from the postwar dream of a nightmare at the same time, because the historical city of the car had been abandoned and the landscape was completely urban sprawl to this historic city. Montabaur, which all the streets in these days of auto sales outlets and car repair workshops, has shaped, yet never get a coherent history of the automobile traffic in the city. There are some marginal notes to the beginning of motorized vehicles in the city, which can ignite almost no understanding of how this development took place. You know where is going first motorcycle sales, some sites of gasoline sales, knows weiß aber im Grunde genommen nichts über die gesamte Entwicklung des Autoverkaufs und des Haltens von Automobilen, von Lastwagen und Reisebusse, usw., was schließlich in Montabaur zu einer weitgehend zerstörten Innenstadt und zu einem völlig zersiedelten Stadtraum führte.
Über diese verheerende Entwicklung muß endlich baugeschichtlich gearbeitet werden. Die Einwohner von Montabaur haben ein Anrecht darauf, diese seltsame Stadtentwicklung zu verstehen, an der die meisten durch den Kauf eines Autos beteiligt waren.
Man war natürlich nach dem grauenhaften Geschehen des Zweiten Weltkrieges froh, mit dem Auto nach Italien und anderswohin aus dem Alltag in der Stadt entfliehen zu können, auch war es Most people very aware that was accompanied by the city traffic much destruction. But it was not responding to what would have the car mania might mitigate. So the still small urban fabric disintegrated into a built-up space of the car almost forced. It was made of the policy to city destruction tool. Who was out to sell cars, need politicians who were in town from destruction. Who was out to prepare the way around the car that needed a party that supported it and was on urban sprawl. Spacious
was formerly occupied farmland in the agricultural value increased, as it was reclassified as building land. The urban community were forced
development costs, which were of the real estate buyers and owners to repay. With the ever growing urban sprawl, with further costs until the system finally reached its limits. Now one is faced with a pile of broken glass and white as Government can not remember how to finance the further development of the city can be. And the impact of this slippage will be even worse.
Similar to the coal and lignite mining is the auto industry may soon get into a major crisis, because it makes no sense to place all the time only on the car, which
long as a destructive Kraft erwiesen hat. Es ist auch an der heraufkommenden Klimakatastrophe mitverantwortlich. Noch klammert sich die bislang im Stadtraum vorherrschende parteipolitische Kraft an das Auto. Sie verweigert zugleich den wesentlich sinnvolleren Aufbau eines Verkehrsverbundes für den öffentlichen Nahverkehr, der zu optimieren und preisgünstig zu gestalten sein wird. Die politische Kraft hat sich in die Idee verrannt, das weiterzuführen, was bisher Leitidee war. Sie will den Autowahn weitertreiben, selbst in einer Zeit der hohen Arbeitslosigkeit und der seltsamen Arbeitsangebote in einem Arbeitsamt, die zu fast jedem Jobangebot die Mitteilung geben: "PKW erforderlich".
Wen es noch in einer solchen Region hält, der wird ins Auto gezwungen, he or impoverished by partisan bad posture, you should definitely consider criminal, because it forces people into cars, who know that only so much destruction goes hand in hand.
The period after the Second World War will have mastered the car craze. This corresponds to a delusion urban development, destroyed by the historic urban space and a large landscaped area is unnecessary urban sprawl. You can stop these lunatics in parliament and the related committees only by that when they are no longer elected by the people in these fora. It's because of the behavior of the inhabitants of the town of Montabaur itself will look like the future city development.
Do the people that we are cooperating more closely together, so the path is shorter in the city center? Would want, which would be occupied apartments in town houses in the city again. Would the inhabitants of a well functioning public transport system can be connected to each household is entitled to favorable conditions and offer them in a dense bar number of buses and trains everywhere hinbringt, even at night? Then they must choose by their voting behavior, only the parties who are eager to contain the car craze. Who car madness stop commands, receives not only the town of Montabaur better, but it also contributes to the regeneration of the lost village centers within in Montabaur. We conclude:
The study of the history of architecture leads to an awareness of how the city should develop differently. By building history to get there on how urban space could be, if it is developed more appropriate. Architectural history is an important tool for understanding a city. It provides a basis for better urban policy and sets us into an understanding of the city's past.
Karl-Ludwig Diehl
http://vub-virtuelleuniversittfrdasbauwesen.blogspot.com/
